Effective Zone Based Routing Protocols for MANET

The wireless mobile nodes communicate in a multi-hop fashion in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). In multi-hop wireless ad-hoc networks, designing energy-efficient routing protocol is critical. Hence, here introduce a routing protocol to handle multi-hop situations known as Zone Based Effective Location Aided Routing (ZBELAR) Protocol to make significant reduction in the energy consumption of the mobile nodes by limiting the area of discovering a new route to a smaller zone. The work is continued with a novel approach Zone Based Optimal Selective Forwarding (ZBOSF). In ZBELAR protocol all mobile nodes are GPS enabled. Hence in ZBOSF protocol tried to minimize GPS nodes in the network by using location estimation algorithm for non GPS nodes. Also introduced additional location aided routing (LAR-2) protocol during the data transmission phase for achieving better performance in terms of throughput and PDR. Further work proposes accurate location estimation technique with a DV-hop propagation algorithm to achieve efficient localization of mobile nodes in ZBOSFWL (Zone-Based Optimal Selective Forwarding with Location). Further the paper proposes two routing protocols named MZBOSF (Modified associativity based Zone Based Optimal Selective Forwarding with location) and AZBOSF (Adaptive Request Zone Based Optimal Selective Forwarding with location) on zone based routing protocols. Different zones are used to avoid route request packet flooding storm during route establishment phage and then data transmission