The Use of Pisum sativum L. as Bioindicator for Lead Ions Detoxification

Some plants show the ability to accumulate large amounts of lead without visible changes in their appearance or yield quality. This study aims to use of three pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars (Little Marvel, Perfection and Alderman) in lead accumulation supplemented in soil by their roots, stems and leaves. Data showed that roots of pea cultivar Perfection were highly accumulated of lead being 90 mg Pb/g fresh weight than other parts stems and leaves, where only traces of lead reached to these parts being 5.2 and 1.1 mg Pb/g fresh, respectively. The highest rate of Pb ions uptake from the soil supporting of pea root cv. Perfection took place during the first 24 h of treatment with lead being 90 mg Pb/g fresh and after 72, 96, 120 h of incubation lead content in the medium decreased by 60, 45, 40 mg Pb/g fresh, respectively. Seeds of pea cv. Perfection recorded 0.9 mg Pb/g fresh lead, while other cultivars Little Marvel and Alderman recorded 2.3 and 2.1 mg Pb/g fresh lead, respectively. This research concluded that P. sativum L. cv. Perfection could be used as detoxificator organisms which it can absorb pollutants from soil contaminated with lead ions.