Adaptive possibilities of the cardiovascular system in adolescents with non-inflammatory diseases of the myocardium, taking into account the functioning of the right ventricle of the heart

Adaptation of the cardiovascular system to physical activity implies the development of functional or structural changes that should ensure the most efficient and economical use of energy during muscular contraction. The most studied data reactions in individuals engaged in various sports. The aim of our study was to study the functional changes of the heart, taking into account the functioning of the right and left ventricles of the heart and the adaptive capacity of the cardiovascular system in children with non-inflammatory diseases of the myocardium. Were examined 62 patients with non-inflammatory myocardial diseases, whose mean age was 14.56 ± 0.24 years. The control group consisted of 41 practically healthy peers. The functional state of the myocardium was assessed according to the results of the ultrasonic Doppler study of the heart in the “M” and “B” - modes, as well as in the mode of constant-wave and color scanning with a convex sensor using the standard method. To study tolerance to the minimum physical activity and its influence on the state of the cardiovascular system in children, a six-minute walk test was conducted. To assess the functional intensity of the cardiovascular system before and after the six-minute walk test, the following vegetative indices were calculated: an endurance coefficient according to the formula A. Quaasa and a double product. The vegetative Kerdo index and adaptation potential were calculated at rest. As a result of the study, it was found that in children with myocardial pathology, stress is observed in the adaptation mechanisms of the cardiovascular system, accompanied by a weakening of its functional capabilities and an increase in the work of the cardiac muscle at rest. This happens against the background of a decrease in the functioning of the left ventricle and an increase in the functioning of the right ventricle of the heart. These changes are accompanied by activation of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system in patients in all the studied groups, which indicates a more economical mode of functioning of the body systems.