Frequency and Distribution of Blood Groups in Blood Donors in Western Ahmedabad ? A Hospital Based Study

Background: Up till now about 400 red cells antigen have been identified. The majority are inherited by Mendelian fashion. The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group system are most important for blood transfusion purposes, parental testing, legal medicine and in population genetic study. Objective: This study was conducted to determine and compare the frequency of ABO and Rh blood groups in blood donors in secondary care teaching hospital at Western Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Blood bank, GMERS Medical College, Sola, Ahmedabad over a period of seven years from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2011. Blood group of the blood donors was determined by commercially available standard monoclonal antisera by test tube agglutination technique. Results & conclusion: Out of 5316 subjects, 5076 (95.48%) were male and 240 (4.52%) were female subjects. The commonest ABO blood group present was B (39.40 %) followed by O (30.79 %), A (21.94 %) and AB (7.86 %) in blood donors; while in Rhesus system, 5053(95.05%) donors were Rh-positive and 263(4.95%) donors were Rh-negative. The study has a significant implication regarding the inventory management of blood bank and transfusion services for the patient admitted in our secondary care teaching hospital.