Analytical study of 50 cases of fetal growth restriction

Background: The objective of the study is to earlier diagnose the cases of FGR (Fetal growth restriction) and to identify the possible causes and management option to prevent further damage and to study the fetomaternal outcome and improve fetomaternal outcome in FGR cases. Methods: This is an analytical study of 50 cases of FGR pregnancies done during the period of 1st April 2013 to 31st March 2014. Data was collected from the OPD books and indoor case papers of patients attending routine antenatal care and emergency services provided by obstetrics and gynaecology department of our institute. Results: 50 cases of FGR were studied. Various possible etiological factors were studied like presence of anaemia, hypoproteinemia and PIH, maternal pre-pregnancy weight, and average weight gain during pregnancy. Among them, malnutrition (64%) was the commonest aetiology of FGR followed by PIH (44%). Ante partum surveillance was done by serial fundal height measurement, maternal weight gain monitoring and serial ultrasound. 40% patients were having severe oligoamnios and 30% were having altered Doppler waveforms. Operative interference was required in 44% cases. 30 babies out of 50 were admitted to NICU. And perinatal mortality was 13.72%. Conclusion: Timely diagnosis, proper management at all levels in well-equipped centre can definitely prevent morbidity and mortality from FGR. Improving pre-pregnancy health, ensuring better antenatal care, effective use of contraception, preventing teenage pregnancies, stop smoking are some preventive measures.