Hyperglycaemia, Dyslipidaemia and Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes is a chronic, complex disease of lifestyle, known to mankind for thousands of years. It is a metabolic disease in which, elevated blood glucose ultimately leads to various clinical complications including, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, a variety of vascular diseases and, end organ failure. According to the experts, high blood sugar is just a symptom and not the cause for the disease. Major cause for this disease is, impaired insulin production, or insulin insensitivity. Diabetes is supposed to usually begin with insulin resistance, a condition in which, muscle, liver and fat cells do not use insulin efficiently. Sedentary nature, diet and excess weight, seem to contribute significantly to the development of diabetes. A quick Internet search on diabetes management reveals that by and large clinicians focus on fasting glucose, glucose intolerance, postprandial glucose peaks, or glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1c) levels. Experts are of the opinion, that there is no cure for the diabetes, but it can be managed and controlled. The guidelines and guidance statements from professional societies, also emphasize heavily on the management of blood glucose levels and suggest that these levels be kept at as near to normal levels as possible, by balancing food intake and medication.In this short overview, we will discuss some salient features related to chronic complications of diabetes and express our point of view, on the two major players, hyperglycaemic load and dyslipidaemia, that contribute significantly to the chronic complications associated with diabetes.