METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN SHAFAK’S NOVEL “THE FORTY RULES OF LOVE”: A COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC STUDY

This study attempts to analyse the metaphorical expressions used by the novelist Elif Shafak in her distinct novel The Forty Rules of Love. The core of any metaphorical expression lies in the intellectual conceptual, connotative and symbolic terms which require the readers to encipher such terms and grasp their intended meanings. Metaphors are the prominent linguistic devices which are deeply embedded in linguistic and literary expressions to enforce the suggestive meanings and symbolic meanings of such expressions. The researchers select four representative texts from the English novel The Forty Rules of Love in order to represent and cover all the aspects of Metaphor. To cover all the aspects of metaphor that are used in the novel, the researchers adopt a model which is based on Lakoff and Johnson's Theory of Metaphor (1980). Based on this adopted model to examine the aspects of metaphor, two levels of analysis are followed the contextual analysis and cognitive linguistic analysis. It is found that the Sufi thoughts and symbolisms are stated by using metaphor as a type of rhetorical devices.