Syntactic Divergence and Reality of Syntactic Schools

This research discusses the issue of disagreement between grammarians and the fact of Grammar Schools. In order to investigate this case, the study is conducted based on the principles of ancient grammarians according to scientific objective analysis for their arguments and opinions. It is well-known that the subject of disagreement between Arab grammarians received a great interest among scientists in the past and the present, so the idea of the difference between grammarians and their classification in different schools on the basis of geography have become stable and a reality in the minds of researchers, that is an undeniable fact. In addition to the two schools in Basra and Kufa, Baghdad school was found. Schools of Andalusia, Egypt and the Levant emerged ofterwards. The research found that the rules of Arabic are based on fixed principles and all grammarians efforts depend on these principles. Theory and methodology are compatible for all grammarians. The basic principle is to listen to and analyze the language of the Arabs to create rules. Grammarians have mostly used the same terminology. The use of a limited number of terms does not mean that there is a new school. Thus, differences between grammarians do not imply they belong to different schools because the points of agreement are much more than the issues of dispute, then those so-called schools were not homogeneous in the study of language issues. Differences between grammarians in the same school may exceed differences between grammarians of different ones whether the differences were between those who belong to one school or between those who belong to different schools, they all differ only in the branches and not on the original principles of Arabic grammar.