DYNAMICS OF BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF THE ORAL FLUID AS A MARKER OF THE RISK OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CARIES IN PERSONS OF DIFFERENT AGES BORN MACROSOMIC

The high intensity of caries in individuals who were born macrosomic prompts to search for biochemical criteria for early and differential diagnosis. The purpose of the study is to reveal the rela-tionship between the dynamics of levels of leptin, adi-ponectin, cortisol, TBK-AP, and IL-6 as well as the activ-ity of α-amylase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, in an unstimulated oral fluid in persons born macrosomic (given their anthropometric parameters at birth) / normo-somic and intensity of caries of the deciduous and per-manent teeth in the Kharkiv and adjacent provinces. Materials and Methods. The macrosomic-at-birth study participants were divided into subgroups based on age and pre-natal developmental characteristics. Subgroup 1 included persons long, harmoniously developed at birth, since their height-weight indices at the time of birth were comparable to those of the comparison group. According to the hormonal developmental features, these individuals had a prenatally balanced cortisol-to-somatotropic hormone ratio. Subgroup 2 included persons with increased body length and relatively low birth weight at birth, that is, their pre-natal development occurred against an elevated somato-tropic hormone levels and relative cortisol deficiency background. Subgroup 3 included persons who had large length and large body weight at birth. That is, individuals who had elevated levels of somatotropic hormone and cortisol. Subgroup 4 included participants in the study who had an average body length at birth, but a pronounced excess body weight, their development took place at elevated levels of cortisol and with a lack of somatotropic hor-mone. Results. A significant increase in the level of leptin in the oral fluid of participants in Subgroups 3 and 4, with most pronounced in Subgroup 4, has been re-vealed. The level of leptin increased with age. The leptin level in persons of Subgroup 2 was the lowest among all participants in the study. In Subgroup 1, the level of lep-tin in participants of virtually all ages was not significant-ly different from that in the Comparison group. A de-crease in the level of adiponectin was observed to occur in Subgroups 3 and 4, and it decreased with age, the level remained relatively high in Subgroup 2, and it did not differ significantly in Subgroup 1 from the level in the Comparison group. The leptin-to-adiponectin ratio showed the formation of metabolic inflammation in Subgroups 3 and 4, which contributed to an increase in bone tissue destruction and were consistent with the data on the tendency to high intensity of caries in these persons. The persons in Subgroups 3 and 4 had a level of cortisol significantly higher than the Comparison group, and this level grew with age. In Subgroups 1 and 2, cortisol levels did not increase with age. Significant changes in the production of interleukin-6 were detected. The level of interleukin-6 grew in Subgroups 3 and 4 as compared to the production in the control group. These changes deepened with age, which determines the tendency to develop metabolic inflammation. A decrease in oral α-amylase activity was observed to occur in the Subgroups 3 and 4, which is characteristic of caries. Intensification of lipid peroxidation processes was found to occur in Subgroups 2–4. In Subgroups 3 and 4, these changes were recorded at all ages, and those in Subgroup 2 only at young age. Conclusions. The prognosis for the condition of hard tooth tissues in persons of Subgroup 1 and 2 is more favorable than in persons of Subgroups 3 and 4.