Regularities of Formation of Evaporation from Land Surface and Water under the Climatic Changes’ Influence

The article considers the changes of evaporations from land/water surfaces over the past decades, as well as the corresponding hydro/meteorological conditions changes with the Volga basin as a study case. Within the frameworks of the said work, we have measured the evaporation changes from water surface for the 1978–2010 period in respect of the preceding 1951–1977 period. We stated the approximately 10-20% evaporation decrease on the whole Volga basin territory. At that the total evaporation from the land surface has annually averagely 2-4% increased over the period from mid-1960s to late 1980s. For disclosure of the composite regularities of formation of process of evaporation physically reasonable mathematical models of warm moisture transfer in the "soilatmosphere-plant" and "water-the atmosphere" systems have been used. Numerical estimates of influence of all major factors of the evaporation sizes causing change, both from a land surface, and from a water surface are carried out.