CURRENT TRENDS IN DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION OF NANOSCALE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Development of drug delivery systems is one of the high-priority areas in pharmaceutical technologies. Currently, most of the largest pharmaceutical companies are developing delivery systems, both for new drugs and for already existing ones. Oncology has been and still remains one of the leading application areas for these systems. A variety of problems to be solved in the development of delivery systems has led to the emergence of numerous options for such systems. Each of these options has its pros and cons. The specificity of drug delivery systems and their diversity has led to the necessity of information systematization about their physical and technological characteristics and applicability in clinical practice. This review generalizes and systematizes information about modern targeted delivery systems for medicinal compounds with low bioavailability that is described in the scientific literature and is used in modern pharmaceutical technology. Particular importance is given to the trends of nanoscale delivery systems development for various therapeutic drugs that can penetrate protective barriers of body, achieve sustained controlled release, and are also promising for delivery to target cells. Nanoscale drug delivery systems have higher potential for pharmaceutical and medical industries. The following nanoscale systems for drug delivery were identified: nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, nanoliposomes (including exosomes, virosomes, and other modifications of traditional liposomes), dendrimers, and carriers based on cells and peptides. Their main technological and pharmacological characteristics were given, and the prospects for their clinical use were considered. The base methods of each drug delivery systems formation were also described. It has been shown that the interest in modifications of liposomal systems (exasoms) as well as in dendrimers and cell-based delivery systems increases every year.