One-pot Synthesis of Spirooxindole Derivatives Catalyzed by Bi2Fe4O9 Nanoparticles

In this study regarding the catalytic application of Bismuth Ferrite nanoparticles in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, we synthesized Bi2Fe4O9 nanoparticles by sol-gel combustion method from bismuth nitrate pentahydrate [Bi(NO3)3.5H2O] and iron nitrate nonahydrate [Fe(NO3)3.9H2O] as starting materials. Structural and microstructural were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESM), Vibrating-Visible Spectroscopy(VSM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). The average size of nanoparticles was determined 36, 3 nm, by XRD and Scherer's equation. The results show that the pure phase of Bi2Fe4O9 can be formed by this method. Then it is used in the one- pot synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives via three-component reaction of isatins, malononitrile and 1,3- dicarbonyl compounds in water as a green solvent in the temperature of 80℃. The reaction yields 88-98 percentages of the products. The catalyst was reused several times in the same reaction yielding unchanged products.