Pharmacological effect of methanolic and hydro-alcoholic extract of Coconut endocarp

Cocos nucifera used as natural remedies in a wide variety of diseases. The current experiment aimed to determine the qualitative phytochemicals, anxiolytic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic and cytotoxic actions of C. nucifera endocarp, which extracted by using methanol (MeOH-CNE) and the hydro-alcohol (HaE-CNE). The MeOH-CNE and HaE-CNE subjected to phytochemical screening, where both extracts showed the existence of secondary metabolites such as carbohydrates, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, and proteins. The anxiolytic activity screened by elevated plus maze experiment, whereas the percentage of open arm accounts 74.55 ± 4.54%, 66.31 ± 4.41% at 400 mg/kg for HaE-CNE, MeOH-CNE respectively (P < 0.05) while the standard drug Diazepam (75.24 ± 3.91%). In the anti-diarrheal test, extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg) and standard drug loperamide (5 mg/kg) showed dose-dependent significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against castor oil-induced diarrhea. The MeOH-CNE and HaE-CNE exhibited 72.91 ± 4.20 %, 64.42 ± 5.50% inhibition of protein denaturation at 500 μg/ml, while in the thrombolytic test, HaE-CNE showed the highest and significant (P < 0.05) in clot lysis activity on human blood in comparison to water, whereas streptokinase used as standard. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the LC50 of HaE-CNE and MeOH-CNE ware 432.35 µg/ml and 1173.88 µg/ml respectively. The LC50 for standard vincristine sulfate was 43.15 µg/ml. The current results suggested that MeOH-CNE and HaE-CNE have promising pharmacological activity.