The Relationship between Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Temporo-Mandibular Disorders: The Role of the Dentist

Fibromyalgia syndrome is characterized by widespread and persistent pain of at least three months' duration affecting both sides of the body, above and below the waist, often located close to the spine or the chest. Fibromyalgia syndrome has many comorbidities including temporomandibular disorders. Dysfunctions of the masticatory system equate to poor performance during functional activities and may lead to adaptive compensatory behaviours. The prevalence of patients that meet FMS and TMD is high. The relationship between TMD and fibromyalgia syndrome is not clear. Orofacial pain may be a first sign of fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia may be a risk factor for developing temporomandibular disorders. Knowledge of pathophysiology and clinical signs common to both syndromes can clarify the role of therapists whether surgeon dentists and doctors and improve the progression and diagnostic management of these patients. The dentist has a role in the diagnosis and multidisciplinary care of fibromyalgia patients.