HIV Transmission associated with Food Offer for a Child trough An Infectious Caregiver - Case Report

Objective: To describe a HIV infection case, in which transmission during gestation, childbirth and breastfeeding were excluded, considering the child presented negative viral load and negative serology after one year of life. Case Description: A six years old child presented abdominal colic and acute diarrhea and she was assisted at an emergency care unit. Two HIV test presented positive results, HIV viral load was 16.274 copies/mm³ and lymphocytes TCD4+ count was 621 cells/mm³. In the medical history and gynecologic evaluation, sexual abuse was excluded. After a month, HIV viral load was 8.432 copies/mm³ and lymphocytes TCD4+ count was 691 cells/mm³. The mother presented poor oral hygiene and she denied contact with wounds, use of injectable drugs or blood transfusion by the child. Mother had a diagnosis of HIV infection during the pregnancy and reported appropriated antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. Besides, she avoided breastfeeding and the child had negative viral load and also negative after one year of life, excluding probable vertical transmission. Comments: It is necessary to discourage pre-chewing food to child after the breastfeeding period, in order to avoid infection trasmission.