Histopathological Study of Ovarian Lesions in a Secondary Care Centre in Rural Maharashtra

Background and Introduction:Ovaries are commonest site of neoplastic and non neoplastic pathology presenting at any age from childhood to postmenopause; can be asymptomatic for long or manifest acutely and are common prevalent causes of hospital admission. Histopathology varies greatly. Specific diagnosis is made with appropriate history, physical findings, serum markers and gross, histological and immunohistochemical features. Ovarian lesions are classified as non neoplastic and neoplastic, the latter may be benign or malignant; surface epithelial tumours categorised as benign, borderline and malignant. Aims and Objectives: In this study we studied the various lesions of the ovary with respect to histological subtype and distribution across various age groups in a tertiary care hospital in rural Maharashtra.Materials and Methods:This is an observational study of 78 ovarian specimens at our department of pathology. The period of study was 1st January 2017 to 31st July 2019 (1/1/2years). Results:Ovarian non-neoplastic lesions were more than neoplastic lesions, -57 (60.63%) and 37(39.36%) respectively. Of non neoplastic lesions, majority was cystic lesions 46/57(80.70%) out of which, 23(50%)were simple cysts (50%). Cystic lesions were most Commonlyfound in 40-49 years age group i.e. 28/46 cases (60.86%). Torsion was next common 5/57 cases (8.77%). Among 37 neoplastic lesions, 12 (32.43%) were benign, 1(2.70%) was borderline and 24(64.86%) were malignant. Further, 28 (75.67%) were surface epithelial tumours, 3(8.10%) were teratomas and 2(5.40%) were stromal tumours. Out of 2 (5.40%) cases of metastatic carcinoma,onewaspoorly differentiated malignant neoplasm and the other was undifferentiated neoplasm with sarcomatous differentiation (2.7%). Conclusion:Ovarian non neoplastic lesions are more common than neoplastic lesions. Most of the latter are malignant possibly due to our hospital being a tertiary referral hospital providing cancer care in rural Konkan area of Maharashtra.