Diagnostic Challenges of Acute Abdominal Emergencies in Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Clinical Perspective

Background: Early diagnosis of acute abdominal emergencies in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients is the most important factor for improving outcomes. However, the diagnosis and management of acute abdomen in SCI patients remains a significant challenge due to alterations in their abdominal somatic and visceral sensation, as well as coexisting chronic abdominal conditions prevalent in this population. The purpose of this paper is to provide a contemporary review of the diagnosis and management of abdominal emergencies in spinal cord injury patients. Data Sources: Peer-reviewed, English language studies published between 1985 and 2019 reporting on acute abdomen in SCI patients. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify additional studies. Conclusions: In addition to understanding the neurological consequences of spinal cord injury and maintaining a high clinical suspicion for abdominal emergencies in SCI patients, appropriate imaging studies should be obtained without delay.