Energy requirement for the sowing of wheat after the in-situ management of paddy residues

The present study assessed the energy requirement for the harvesting of paddy with combine harvesting with/without Super Straw Management System and wheat sowing with different farm machinery having straw retention and straw incorporated in the fields. The straw retention treatments i.e. T1 and T2 whereas straw incorporation treatments i.e. T3 and T4 were taken in the study. The total energy consumption was maximum for treatment T4 (5529.92 MJ/ha), followed by treatment T3 (5487.47 MJ/ha), followed by treatment T2 (3485.15 MJ/ha) and treatment T1 (2539.40 MJ/ha). The least human energy consumption (22.01 MJ/ha), diesel energy (551.95 MJ/ha) and tractor and machinery energy (551.95 MJ/ha) was observed for treatment T1, while the maximum human energy, diesel energy, and tractor and machinery energy was observed in treatment T4 (52.17 MJ/ha), T3 (3442.63 and T4 (644.89 MJ/ha). The electrical energy (1401.78 MJ/ha) and submersible pump energy (13.68 MJ/ha) was observed in treatment T3 and T4, respectively. The residue retention practice of wheat sowing with Happy Seeder after paddy harvesting with combine harvester having Super Straw Management System is the efficient energy input to manage the paddy residue.