The process of a national innovation system concept formulation: key problems

The article discusses the process of a national innovation system (NIS) concept developing as a scientific category, which originates from the late 1980s, when the model of linear mass production was predominant. The paper notes that the linear model of production has ceased to be relevant as the economies of countries grow and develop, and innovation and qualitatively new products and R & D come first among the key factors for the success of economic development. Particular attention is paid to the features of the study of the national innovation system at the level of theoretical understanding by various scientific circles, organizations and institutions. The author also notes the process of forming a systems approach in the field of innovation. The author identifies the concepts of concepts of national innovation systems formed by such scientists as K. Freeman, R. Nelson, B. Lundvall, etc. The author has identified key issues in the history of the study of NIS, on the basis of which it is possible to identify the main contradictions in the process of studying various concepts of NIS by various scientists, and explain the missing fragments for a more accurate definition of the concept of NIS and a better understanding of how it works today. The author relates to such problems, as the ambiguity of the origin of the concept of NIS, the presence of NIS in all countries, excessive theorization and ambiguity of the interpretation of NIS in the scientific literature.