ABOUT ENSURING OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY IN MINE-EXTRACTIVE REGIONS ON THE BASE OF NEGATIVE KARST PROCESSES MINIMIZATION

Long investigations were fulfilled by authors in the region of Urals where ecological dangerous negative geodynamical karst processes are wide spread, because 40% of territory consists of limestone, dolomites, marls, gypsum, anhydride and stone salt. The solution of them by surfaceand underground water form the karst landscape with formation of surface and underground shapes - karst depressions, hollows, craters, ravines, caves, etc. This formation occurs lengthwise of neotectonical disturbances and relaxed zones of earth crust, which have been forming hereditary and with positive sign. They expose and hydrogeologicaly activate fissure and cave systems forming the zones of karst water accumulation which may be large water reservoirs and simultaneously the places of high ecological danger for population and engineering infrastructure. These dangerous processes retard social economical development of territories. For its minimization and out of dangerous work of even so complicated construction as transcontinental gas pipe we suggest the methods of investigations and forecast and minimization of consequences of dangerous processes including the systems of monitoring and operate following the transformation of blocks of karsting rocks and technique conditions of constructions and communications. It’s necessary to pay special attention on such neolandscape elements as troughs of settling-collapse which are the cause of the most ecologically dangerous negative geodynamical processes. All attention today is focused on depressional forms of karst which is supposed to be the main danger for crossing of them communications. On the boards of karst depressions near the watershed part of landscape profile the steep plots occur which is conditioned by disjunctive dislocations in connection with more energetic neotectonical raisings. The degree of danger is recommended to determine according the complex of methods including hydrogeochemical, using the parameter - relative module of underground chemical denudation in t/km2 on 1m. Technical monitoring was firstlycarried out in 1994-95 on karst dangerous plots, it consists of systematic measuring of tense condition of pipe metal. We established the regular intercommunication of deformations in rock massifs and in pipe metal. It contribute to timely realization of prophylactic measures for prevention of ecologically dangerous negative geodynamic processes.