Voltage and Frequency Scaling in Low Power VLSI

In micro electronics design, power consumption, speed of operation, are crucial constraints. Propagation delay of circuit component has an impact on such factors. This paper investigates the effect of supply and threshold voltages and frequency at which the VLSI chip is operated and the desired techniques for lowering the voltage and frequencies to obtain the low power consumed VLSI system. Some special techniques which can reduce the clock frequency like pipelining and parallel processing strategies for desirable propagation delays are explained in brief in this paper