Monitoring of phytophages on corn crops in Kabardino-Balkaria

In the system of integrated protection, ensuring high yields of corn, the fight against its pests plays a prominent role. Corn is damaged by various pests, which often cause significant shortages and yield losses. Phytophages of corn to a much greater extent than other crops damage not only the vegetative organs of the plant, but also the cobs and grain before harvesting, after harvesting and during storage. This feature greatly increases the variety of damage in maize and requires careful attention throughout the year. The harmfulness of phytophages depends on the resistance of maize hybrids, agricultural technology and how timely protective measures are taken. Weather conditions during the growing season have a great influence on the degree of damage to maize by pests and are different not only for different zones, but also very different from year to year in the same area. Since 2012, maize breeders of the republic are concerned about a sharp increase in the number and harmfulness of the population with the cotton bollworm. The excessive increase in the acreage of corn for grain and the widespread transition to crop rotations with short rotation have led to a violation of the elementary requirement — crop rotation. As a result, there was a significant increase in the population of the caterpillars of the cotton bollworm (Heliotis armigera Hb.), A gradual increase in the density of the population of the stalk corn moth (Ostrinia nubilalis Hb.), Aphids (Sitobion avenae H .; Rhopalosiphum padosiphum L; Rhopalosiphum padi L; ; Tetraneura ulmi L .; Schizaphis graminum Rond), leafhoppers (Cicadella viridis L .; Macrosteles laevis Rid .; Zyginidia sohrab Zachv.) And common spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.).