Investigating the Succession of States in Treaties with Emphasis on the Legal Regime of the Caspian Sea

Establishing the legal regime of the Caspian Sea is one of the consequences of the collapse of the Soviet government and the succession of subsequent countries. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991, despite the holding of nearly 40 expert meetings and four summit meetings and the signing of two documents on military security and environmental cooperation, the issue of establishing a comprehensive legal regime for the Caspian littoral states has faced challenges and problems. Moscow had prevented Iran from achieving its right by applying a decision-making model based mainly on the P4+1 (although the Baku-Ashgabat dispute still remains strong). In 2018, the Convention on the Legal Regime of the Caspian Sea was agreed upon by five countries, and many problems seemed to have been resolved, but the designation of an international authority in the event of a dispute between countries is one of the issues that has been ignored in this convention and its line of origin and delimitation has not been specified. One of the strengths of this convention is that it has put an end to the ambiguities and questions raised over the years and has introduced the Caspian Sea as a lake. However, it should be noted that commenting on the effectiveness of the Convention to clarify the situation in the Caspian Sea takes time.