Effect of cake filter levels on morphological traits and corn yield (S.C.704) under different irrigation regimes

Introduction Corn (Zea mays. L) is an annual monocot plant from poaceaae family. The corn is C4 and is native to the tropical region. The breadth of its degree of adaptation and adaptation makes it possible to cultivate it in temperate and cold regions. The corn is the third highest cereal after wheat and rice production, but its production is equal to the production volume of each of the world's two grains. The agricultural sector and its systems, with more than 90 percent of the country's water consumption, are the largest water consumer, wasting 80 percent of its traditional irrigation systems. Therefore, by reducing water resources, the reform of consumption patterns is the only way to overcome the depleted crisis. About 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by water, but unfortunately, the water crisis in many countries of the world, including the countries of the dry belt of the earth, such as Iran, is a concern. One of the effective ways to increase organic matter in Khuzestan soils, which are poor in organic matter, as well as increase in production per unit area, is the consumption of organic fertilizers. In Khuzestan Province, with the implementation of the sugar cane cake filter development project and simultaneously with the activities of sugar factories, large quantities of molasses, filter cake and bagasse produced by factories along with leaf and cane can be easily converted into compost as a result of microbial activity and as Organic organic fertilizer with a very favorable efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer of cane sugar cane filter and drought stress on production factors and morphological traits of maize in Hamidyeh weather conditions. Materials and methods This research was carried out in 2016 in a farm located in Hamidieh with a longitude of 48 degrees and 10 minutes east and 31 degrees and 33 degrees north latitude and 13 meters above sea level. This study was carried out as split split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of drought stress at three levels: 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan as the main factor and the sugar cane cake filter was divided into four levels: 0, 25, 50 and 100 t/ha as a sub-factor. Results The results showed that the effect of drought stress and fertilizer on sugar cane cake filter on Plant height, ear length, grain yield, seed number per row and 1000 grain weight affected the traits. The highest grain yield was obtained with an average of 5590.75 kg/ha irrigation with 60 mm evaporation and the lowest grain yield with an average 4170.05 kg/ha was obtained from irrigation 120 mm evaporation from the pan. Interaction between drought stress of 60 mm evaporation and sugar cane cake filter had a significant effect on plant height and grain yield. The highest grain yield (6170.55 kg/ha) was obtained from irrigation 60 mm evaporation and 50 t/ha sugar cane cake filter. On the other hand, the use of large amounts of sugar cane cake filter (100 t/ha) due to high salinity and salt accumulation in the root environment caused secondary oxidative stress and thus reduced economic yield. Conclusion Therefore, in general, the results of this research can be argued that the application of 50 t/ha sugar cane cake filter and drought stress of 60 mm evaporation from the class A pan are recommended in order to achieve maximum Production components. Application of filtering results in homogeneity of germination and accelerates the initial growth of the product, and in conditions without drought stress, increases economic yield. Also, under severe drought stress conditions (120 mm evaporation from the pan), the application of large amounts of sugar cane cake filter due to high salinity and the accumulation of salt in the root environment causes secondary oxidative stress and, consequently, reduced economic yield. Therefore, based on the results of this experiment and considering the abundance of this type of organic fertilizer in Khuzestan province and increasing its use as a soil reformer by farmers, it is suggested that in drought-free fields, after studying the long-term effects of sugar cane cake filter On the soil and nutrient cycle and in case of confirmation of the results, use should be made.