Influence of Environmental Factors on Population of the Modern Industrial City

Chemical factor is of top priority in the spectrum of the harmful risk factors for existence of a human being from the perspective of the hygienic significance for a human health. The compounds of heavy metals are of special importance because their influence on the population forms a harmful effect. That's why the defining of the interrelationship of the external and inner exposures to the lead and cadmium of the pregnant women – residents of Dnipro city has become the purpose of the work. Material and methods. The program of the researches provided for the evaluation of the cadmium content in the atmospheric air and drinking water of the investigated districts and providing the biomonitoring of the blood and urine of 63 women with physiologic course of pregnancy by means of the atomic-absorption spectrometry. The surveyed women were divided into three groups depending on the place of the permanent residence: 1st and 2nd group were the women from the Industrial and Novokodatsky districts of Dnipro. The results of researches showed that the lead was registered in 91.7% of the samples, the cadmium was registered in 59% in the atmospheric air of the Novokodatsky district. In the Industrial region air the lead was constantly present, the cadmium was registered in 75% of the samples, while the presence of these metals in the drinking water of both districts was 100%. The average monthly concentrations of metals in the air and water of the regions under the observation did not exceed the corresponding standard values. Results and discussion. Biomonitoring data showed the increased concentrations of the metal-toxicants relatively to the standards: the lead in the blood – by 6.7-24%, the lead in the urine – by 40-44.8%, the cadmium in the urine – by 36-50% in women under the investigation. Worryingly is the fact that from 60% to 97% of the inhabitants of the monitoring areas has the content of the metal-toxicants in the blood at concentrations at the level of metal carriers (0.2-04 mg / l for the lead and 0.022-0.3 mg / l for the cadmium) [6]. Only 16% of the surveyed from the Industrial district and 16.7% from the Novokodatsky had the concentrations of the lead in the blood that corresponds to the physiological significance. For the cadmium, the metal carrying was determined in 3% of pregnant women from the Novokodatsky district and in 82% from the Industrial district. Thus, the highest levels of the lead by the average indexes in the both blood and urine were registered in the surveyed from the Industrial district, which is 1.3 and 1.13 times higher than that for women in the Novokodatsky region. The largest quantities of the cadmium, on the contrary, were found in the body of the inhabitants of the Novokodatsky district which exceeded the data in the blood in the Industrial district by 1.5 times, and in the urine – by 1.13 times.