Dynamics of Biochemical Markers of Blood in Patients after Surgical Treatment of Degenerative Diseases of the Lumbar Spine

The article discusses the dynamics of biochemical markers of blood in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, hernias and instability of spine segments of the lumbar spine after surgical treatment. Material and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the Department of Instrumental and Minimal Invasive Surgery of the Spine, as well as the Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Immunology of the "Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology named after E. Sitenko NAMS of Ukraine". We conducted a laboratory examination of 62 patients aged 24-72 during 2014 -2018. All patients were divided into four groups: the first group included patients with lumbar spine carp (n = 23), the second group had patients with stenosis in the lumbar the spine department (n = 9), the third group involved patients with instability of the spine-motor segments of the lumbar spine (n = 12), the fourth group comprised patients with spondylolisthesis of the lumbar spine (n = 18). Results and discussion. It was found out that the content of glycoproteins in the blood of patients in the postoperative period increased by 26.9 % in 14 days, with instability – by 22.9 %, with spondylolisthesis – by 26.0%, with stenosis of the spinal canal – by 45.0 % compared to the rates before the operation. In the postoperative period, there was a gradual decrease in the content of glycoproteins, which is evidenced by a decrease in the level of inflammatory process. The content of chondroitinsulfates in serum increased 14 days after the operation: for hernias it increased by 64.5 %, with instability – by 43.3 %, with spondylolisthesis – by 28.9 %, spinal stenosis – by 54.0 % compared to an indicator for surgical intervention. The content of chondroitinsulfates gradually decreased due to reduction of destruction of cartilage and bone tissue of the spine. The activity of creatinephosphokinase in the blood of patients with degenerative diseases of the spine 14 days after the operation remained at the level before the operation. Then the enzyme activity was gradually increased, due to the restoration of motor activity of patients. The lowest activity of creatinephosphokinase at the end of the observation period was recorded in the spinal canal stenosis. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase was increased by 48.0 % 14 days after surgery only with spinal canal stenosis. Thus, the content of glycoproteins and chondroitinsulfates in the blood of patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine (hernias, instability of vertebral and motor segments, spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis) in the postoperative period reflects the presence of the inflammatory process and the destruction of the cartilage and bone tissue of the spine and can be used for monitoring the effectiveness of surgical treatment in the remote monitoring period. Conclusions. The enzymes of creatinephosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in the blood reflect the dynamics of patients' activity and the degree of inflammatory and destructive changes in paravertebral muscles in degenerative spinal diseases in the postoperative period at different observation periods, which is confirmed by the corresponding changes in their activity. The lowest activity of creatinephosphokinase at the end of the observation period was recorded at the stenosis of the spinal canal, which is due to the severity of the pathological process in the spine with this pathology and, as a result, the lowest level of patients' activity.