Results of the Functional State Evaluation in Athletes engaged in Hand-to-Hand Combat with Full Contact according to the Heart Rate Variability Indices

The purpose of the study was to assess the state of the cardiovascular system of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat with full contact according to the heart rate variability (HRV) indices at rest and after exercise. Material and methods. We analyzed the HRVindices of 24 athletes and 20 people, who were not engage in hand-to-hand combat, at the age of (21±1.2). The study showed that the initial values and dynamics of the athletes' HRV indices indicated a significant increase in the influence of the sympathetic nervous system on the regulation of the cardiovascular system before exercise, which was further intensified after exercise. Results and discussion. In the study of spectral characteristics of the cardiac rhythm, athletes in the first group reduced the overall spectral power of TP, as well as the power at very low, low and high frequencies (VLF, LF and HF, respectively). VLF characterizes the relative level of activity of the sympathetic link of regulation, LF – vasomotor center, HF – the parasympathetic link of regulation. TR is an integral indicator that shows the activity of neurohumoral effects on the heart rate, and represents the sum of the capacities HF, LF, VLF and ULF. Athletes of the first group caused a significant decrease in TP almost five times compared with the initial condition, in the second group, where the rate had slightly changed. A significant increase in athletes after exercise indices of stress and vegetative balance, vegetative index of rhythm and indicator of adequacy of regulatory processes indicated the centralization of the regulatory mechanisms of heart rhythm, reduction in the influence of autonomic contour and sinus node, increase in activity of the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system. Conclusions. Dynamics of spectral indices of HRV in athletes in response to stress indicates the presence of a hyper-adaptive reaction, which is a manifestation of distress syndrome and the state of stress adaptive-compensatory mechanisms.