Phenotypes of Salmonella Antibiotic Resistance as Pathogens of Acute Intestinal Infections in Zaporizhzhya Region

The article presents spectrum data of salmonella species causing acute intestinal infections of the inhabitants of the Zaporizhzhya region. Salmonella can be considered a genuine indicator of the sanitary and hygienic status of catering in large cities around the world. The deterioration of the epidemiological situation with salmonellosis, in particular the tendency to increase the incidence of salmonella in the world with an increase in the proportion of antibiotic-resistant strains of the pathogen, substantiates the relevance of studying this problem. Bacteria resistance to antibiotics is the most dangerous factor of their pathogenicity. The attention of microbiologists regarding salmonella is focused on the study of the proliferation of strains resistant to cephalosporins and quinolones. The purpose of the study was to research the spectrum of salmonella as pathogens of acute intestinal infections and study the phenotypes of their resistance to antibiotics. Material and methods. We studied 92 strains of salmonella isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections, convalescents and bacterial carriers in Zaporizhzhya region inhabitants. Salmonella was isolated from the investigated material on differential diagnostic media of bismuth-sulphite agar and Olkenitsky's agar by standard methods. Sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs was determined by the disc diffusion method. Results and discussion. We also investigated such dangerous pathogenicity factors of salmonella as their resistances to two main groups of antibiotics used in treatment of acute intestinal infections. The phenotypes of salmonella resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (cephalosporins) and quinolones were studied. The most frequently detected kind of salmonella were S. blegdam with a frequency of 61.5% and S. typhimorium with a frequency of 21%. Such frequency of isolation let us consider these species, especially S. blegdam, the main pathogens of acute intestinal infection in the Zaporizhzhya region. Analyzing the sensitivity of isolated salmonella strains, the following phenotypes of resistance were found: ESBL and high level of AmpC to β-lactams, and phenotype IV to quinolones. Conclusions. Thus, the study revealed the ecological role of S. blegdam as the main causative agent of salmonella in the Zaporizhzhya region. Among the strains of salmonella resistant to antibiotics, there were revealed the following phenotypes of resistance to β-lactams: ESBL (4% of salmonella), high level of AmpC (2% of salmonella), and also the resistance phenotype IV to quinolones (8% of salmonella).