Stages of technological improvement of the process of continuous casting of iron-carbon and copper billets

In the article there are presented the stages of improvement of the process of continuous casting. It is revealed, that at the each stage of technological improvement of the process of continuous casting, the damage parameters of billets were reduced. Improvement of the process of continuous casting leads to the improvement of the mechanical properties of the billets and the performance of continuous casting machines. The first stage is shown as the process of transition of the number of experimental developments into quality, during which the casting of billets passed from an unstable process to a stable one. The second stage is characterized by the creation of new improved continuous casting processes. So, besides the existing machines of the vertical type, radial, curvilinear and horizontal casting machines were invented. By the end of the twentieth century, this technological process reached the limit of the possibilities for increasing the quality of performs, and the productivity of continuous casting machines. It is shown that the third stage is intended for continuous casting of copper alloys and is based on the influence of the frequency of the movement of the billets and the reverse movement of the perform during overcoming the static friction force. It was determined that for the frequency of movement of billets made of copper alloys, which are in the range of 2.5 ... 7.5 min-1, the direction of its movement during overcoming the static friction affects the mechanical properties of the billet. The fourth stage - causes an increase in the mechanical properties of the billet due to the use of inertia forces in the alternating movement of the billet. It was revealed that at the fourth stage the mechanical properties of the billets increased most effectively, and the linear performance increased from 0.4 ... 0.8 to 2.5 ... 4.0 m/min, and in some cases to 5.0 ... 7.0 m/min.