A Study on Bacteriological Profile and Drug Sensitivity & Resistance Pattern of Isolates of the Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Ahmadabad

Background: Throughout the world multi-drug resistant nosocomial infections are one of the leading causes of deaths and morbidity amongst hospitalized patients. Objective: The aim of study was to identify prevalence of predominant bacterial microorganisms and their drug sensitivity and resistance in different ICUs of a tertiary care public hospital. Methods: The study was conducted in the different Intensive Care Units of a tertiary care public hospital in Ahmadabad during January, 2012 to April, 2012. Patients admitted in any of the four ICUs of the hospital who were clinically suspected of having acquired any infection after 48 hours of admission to the ICUs were included. Depending on the clinical suspicion laboratory samples were collected from the patients. Samples were subjected to the testing and antibiotic sensitivity. Results: The commonest organism isolated from all samples was E.coli 32 (25). In NICU, CONS 16(66.67), in PICU E.coli 6(27.27), in MICU, E.coli, Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. 10(21.28), and in SICU, E.coli 16(45.71) were predominantly isolated. E.coli is most commonly sensitive to Amikacin 28(87.5), CONS to Cefotaxime 20(95), Klebsiella sp. to Cefoperazone+Salbactum 14(78), Psudomonas to Piperacillin+Tazobactum 11(65), and Acinebacter sp. to Cefoperazone+Sulbactum 11(55). The most common multidrug resistant organisms were Citrobacter spp. (66.7) followed by Proteus spp. (33.3) and Enterococcus (33.3). Conclusion: Nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance in the ICUs is a major deterrent to patient’s outcome, increasing duration of patient stay as well as expense. Reduction of the same is both challenge and goal of all intensive care units around world.