Prevalence and Treatment of Hypertension in District Bhimber, Azad Jammu and Kashmir

Hypertension is defined as a persistent elevation in blood pressure. Hypertension is also called as silent killers as mostly it is asymptomatic. Hypertension can be due to increased heart rate and blood volume. Hypertension is also due to elevated peripheral vascular arteriolar smooth muscle pitch. Major signs and symptoms of hypertension are blurred vision, confusion, irregular heartbeat and shortness of breath. Hypertension is classified into two major categories including, primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. Hypertension complications are hemorrhage, atherosclerosis, renal artery stenosis, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and retinopathy. Estimated global prevalence of hypertension is high long term projections suggested that by 2025 (29%) of adult worldwide are suffering from hypertension (1.56 billion).To determine the exact prevalence of hypertension in district Bhimber, Azad Jammu and Kashmir to relate with rural areas and urban areas, gender, ages, marital status, occupation, smoking and about treatment of hypertension.House to house surveys of targeted locations of tehsil Bernala, tehsil Bhimber and district head quarter hospital Bhimber. Data was collected from December 15th 2017 to April 22nd 2018. Total of 1200 houses randomly selected from tehsil Bhimber and tehsil barnala. Total 2691 subjects were surveyed from 1200 houses from both rural and urban areas of tehsil Bhimber and tehsil barnala 759 subjects out of 2691 subjects were hypertensive. Overall prevalence of hypertension in district Bhimber was 28.20%, this survey representing that 118615.968 population out of 420624 unfortunately suffering hypertension in district Bhimber. There is a need to control and prevent the complications to hypertension. Specially promote awareness about the treatment of hypertension. This survey indicates the high prevalence, poor treatment and control of hypertension.