Prevalence of single-nucleotide polymorphism (-308G>A) in the TNF-α promoter region correlates coronary heart disease among type-2 diabetic patients from the northern region of Bangladesh

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a major cytokine for inflammatory response in human body. This is also well linked with obesity and causing different pathophysiological problems in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients because of its pro-inflammatory over expression. However, seemingly harmless nucleotide changes in the promoter region often cause oscillation in expression, results in complications like dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis that ultimately exploit to coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate association between TNF-α (-308G>A) polymorphism at promoter region and CHD in T2DM patients from the northern region (Rajshahi) of Bangladesh. The total number of participants was 96 T2DM patients. TNF-α polymorphism were detected using high resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis. A total of 32 participants were suffering from CHD and 8 polymorphism (3 homozygous and 5 heterozygous) were detected among them. From Fisher's Exact test, we found significant (P < 0.05) relationship between TNF-α (-308G>A) polymorphism and CHD in T2DM patients. According to Kendall's Tau correlation matrix (r = 0.218), there is a good correlation between target polymorphism and CHD. Therefore, the overall results suggest that TNF-α promoter (-308G>A) polymorphism influences CHD in T2DM patients.