THE INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF MOTIVATIONAL WORK WITH ADDICTED CLIENTS

The article provides a brief overview of the methods of motivational work with addicted clients. The approaches to motivational work and the theoretical description of motivation for therapy are divided into two groups - consideration of anosognosia (negative approach) and consideration of predictors of development of motivation (positive approach). The known in the literature approaches to the consideration of anosognosia (clinical-biological, pathopsychological, clinical-psychological) are supplemented by a socio-psychological approach. In addition, the specific mechanisms of anosognosia (cortical dysfunctions, post-withdrawal syndrome, addictive personality regression, addictive personality disorder, psychological defenses, cognitive dissonance, information mechanism, conscious denial) are highlighted. A hypothesis has been put forward about cognitive dissonance as the central mechanism for the formation of addictive anosognosia. The basic models of a “positive approach” to motivation are considered. The author's model for an integrative model of motivational work with addicted clients is proposed. The concept of levels of motivational readiness (high, medium, low) is introduced and three styles of motivational work with each of the levels are proposed - informational, confrontational, and relational.