Modeling of fibrocystic mastopathy in experiment on animals

Nowadays, hormonal imbalance is proven to be a factor that influences initiation of malignant and benign breast tumors. To study the aspects of participation of sex hormones in damage to organs and tissues, it may be necessary to model a common women's pathology – fibrocystic disease of mammary glands characterized by the most pronounced effects of this pathogenetic factor, on experimental animals. Aim. To create a model of fibrocystic disease of mammary gland with the subsequent possibility of studying morphological manifestations of the disease in natural and drug-induced pathomorphism. Materials and Methods. The pathology was induced by intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml of 2% synestrol and 0.5 ml of 2.5% progesterone to virgin female rats on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days of the experiment. For examination, histological preparations of inguinal mammary glands were made. The preparations were described and studied using morphometric analysis. Results. In the result of the experiment, pronounced macro- and microscopic alterations of mammary glands were found. Microscopic picture was similar to that observed in fibrocystic mastopathy in women. Almost all the morphometric parameters underwent reliable alterations in correspondence with the given pathology. Conclusion. A model of fibrocystic disease of mammary gland was obtained that may be used for further study of morphogenesis and methods of correction.