STUDY OF ASSOCIATION OF RESISTIN AND LEPTIN WITH THYROID HORMONES IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS

Objective:The present study was aimed to evaluate the levels of resistin and leptin in hypothyroid patients and to find a possible association of thyroid hormones with resistin and leptin. Material and Methods:The present study was conducted on 100 previously diagnosed hypothyroid (PDH) patients (38 Males & 62 Females) and 100 newly diagnosed hypothyroid (NDH) patients (44 Males & 56 Females) attending the outpatient clinics or admitted in wards of J.L.N. Hospitals, Ajmer. 100 healthy control subjects of same age group of either gender were selected for the study. Blood samples were drawn from patients and controls, after overnight fast of at least 8 hours. Estimation of Serum Leptin, Resistin, free T3, free T4, and TSH was done by using Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) technique. Differences in the parameters among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA test followed by its Tukey HSD post hoc analysis. Correlations between variables were tested using the Pearson rho (r: Correlation coefficient) correlation test. Results:Findings of the present study shows that the levels of serum fT3 (1.79 ± 0.29 pg/mL) and serum fT4 (0.34 ± 0.11 ng/dL) were significantly lower in NDH group compared to PDH group (fT3 = 3.00 ± 0.32 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.81 ± 0.15 ng/dL) and control group (fT3 = 3.12 ± 0.31 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.85 ± 0.11ng/dL) whereas serum TSH levels were significantly higher in NDH group (40.59 ± 13.55 μIU/mL) compared to PDH group (5.34 ± 1.47 μIU/mL) and control group (3.23 ± 1.04 μIU/mL) [Table 1 Figure 1]. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in NDH group (21.37 ± 6.44 ng/mL) compared to PDH group (16.51 ± 4.47 ng/mL) and control group (11.15 ± 5.29 ng/mL) [Table 2]. A highly significant variation (p<0.0001) in the levels of serum leptin was found between the groups. Serum resistin levels were significantly higher in NDH group (14.50 ± 2.72 ng/mL) compared to PDH group (11.33 ± 1.59 ng/mL) and control group (7.78 ± 1.19 ng/mL) [Table 2]. Highly Significant difference (p<0.0001) in resistin levels was found between the groups. Conclusion: It was suggested that thyroid dysfunction does not affect the leptin levels and also thyroid hormones were not involved in the synthesis and secretion of leptin. Further studies are required to gain more insight into the relationship between leptin and thyroid dysfunction. Resistin shows a significant correlation with thyroid hormones which indicate that serum resistin might be considered as a confirmation extra test for the early detection of atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis induced conditions in hypothyroid patients.