ANALYSING HARDINESS RESILIENCE IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC - USING FACTOR ANALYSIS

The variety and volume of the unprecedented challenges that were brought by COVID-19 pandemic are so tremendous that made decision making very difficult and vague in certain situations. In this paper, we shall explore the possibilities of using the attitudes of hardiness, supported by resilience to help prepare individuals and communities towards taking the proper decisions during and after COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate ‘Factor Analysis' is applied to a sample from international participants representing different demographics, collected in the first four months since the announcement of the outbreak. The relationship between the interrelated four factors of hardiness was identified and optimised. A new measurement scale was developed. The paper concludes with a proposed design for building or developing commitment and challenge acceptance which are resilience-driven attitudes that support the other hardiness constructs.