SIMULATION OF OXIDISED IRON AND MANGANESE PARTICLES IN CASCADE AERATOR MODEL BY USING DISPERSED PHASE METHOD

Many methods have been explored in groundwater treatment, including the Cascade Aerator method, which is a technique to remove heavy metals such as iron and manganese. As an effective, low-cost method to treat groundwater, the cascade aerator is also used. In this research, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) was used in a newly-designed cascade aerator model to investigate the aeration mechanism. Different measurements have been used for this modern cascade aerator to determine the best configuration that can lower the iron and manganese concentration. Two sets of LBM simulations and two sets of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiments were conducted and the flow velocity and pressure were measured. Based on the results, it was shown that in terms of velocity distribution, the LBM simulations and PIV data were in good agreement with each other. Furthermore, it was also found that water velocity had an important effect on the efficiency of aeration. Using Computational Fluid, these models were developed for numerical modelling, dynamics (CFD). The analysis of the CFD permitted the prediction of iron and manganese presence in the aeration model of the cascade. Using the Dispersed Phase Method (DPM), simulations of iron and manganese particles were carried out. The effects of the iron (10 percent) and manganese (5 percent) presence were determined from the simulation. The iron and manganese presence was almost similar to that of the actual experimental works. CFD was also successfully used as a method for design and estimation of the presence of particles in the aerator of the cascade. In addition, with the use of the Avogadro Software, the relationships on the basis of the results of the reactions between water, iron, and manganese, visible particles and geometric optimization readings were obtained. This has shown that the use of Avogadro software can help to observe the reactions between particles of water, iron, and manganese. Every addition of particles showing an increase in the elimination of iron and manganese in groundwater will indicate this condition.