TO THE PROBLEM OF PARTS OF SPEECH IN LANGUAGES OF VARIOUS TYPOLOGICAL SYSTEM

The article is devoted by one of current problems of Turkic linguistics – problem of selection and classification of parts of speech. In it different approaches to selection of parts of speech are analyzed, criteria of differentiation of parts of speech in general and office are considered, in particular. The analysis of the existing points of view on parts of speech shows that the matter in Turkic languages continues to remain quite serious scientific problem that once again confirms relevance of the appeal of the author of article to this problem. The problem concerning an entity of one of fundamental linguistic concepts – parts of speech, the principles of their selection, differentiation, classification bases in languages of different types since rather old time is one of the most debatable not only in Turkic, but also in general linguistics, and therefore requires attention, special to itself. The existing research paradigm of studying of properties of language, and in particular parts of speech, in the European science developed under the influence of certain socio-historical conditions. And already to the middle of the 20th century insufficient definiteness of the terms “part of speech”, “functional part of speech” led to understanding that the research paradigm which developed in the European science is not universal at all. It is not universal in the sense that is not able to capture all variety of the language phenomena though at the same time can reveal the most essential parties of the studied phenomenon