CATEGORIAL SYSTEM REPRESENTED IN MODERN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE DYSTOPIAS

The article is devoted to the study of the categorical system, which is represented in modern English-language works by the genre of anti-utopia. To achieve this goal, we discussed in detail the concept of “category” in line of the linguistics and analyzed a number of theories in which the opinions of scientists differ in the question of the number of categories and signs that are singled out, the methods of their isolation and classification. It is noted that the works of the genre of anti-utopia have a prognostic, moralizing nature, which forces the reader to evaluate the described world from a moral and ethical point of view. This made it possible to distinguish categories of ethics, moral categories, and categories of emotiveness in the categorical system of the compositions. These categories in the texts of anti-utopias are represented through language means, reflecting moral, ethical and emotive concepts, which additionally allows to highlight the specificity of the genre. Particular attention is paid to the category of time, as this category is one of the features that distinguishes the genre of anti-utopia from other genres. The starting point for the creation of an anti-utopian society is usually a critical moment - a catastrophe, a war or a revolution. Thus, this “border” divides the categories of anti-utopia and reality in compositions “before the catastrophe” and “after the catastrophe”. As a result of a detailed analysis of the categorical system of contemporary English-language works of the anti-utopia genre, the author concluded that all categories of anti-utopian texts can be divided into purely linguistic and informative ones