Routing and Broadcasting in MANET: A comprehensive Analysis based on, Routing technique, Clustering and Architectural Model

A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a temporary and infrastructure less dynamic network in which all nodes are mobiles and they communicate with each other via wireless connections. There is no central control and this network demands new networking strategies because of the topology of this network is regularly changing due to the frequent mobility of nodes. MANET is using the TCP/IP traditional structure and needs redefinition or alterations in each layer because of the limited resource and mobility. In MANET, routing is a challenging task and it requires the development of different routing protocol, new dynamic and routing techniques. This paper provides an overview and analysis of various basic routing techniques, strategies, clustering, MANET architectures and protocols. Further, this work specifically studies and analysis the unicast, multicast, broad cast, link state and distance-vector routing protocols and also discusses the cluster based routing techniques. The link-state or distance-vector routing technique is used in the topology based protocols. Link state routing is better for large network because of fast convergence, loop less convergence and support of multiple metrics. So the link state routing is better than the distance vector routing.