Molluscicidal Efficacy of Medicinal Plant Solanum surattense against Fasciola vector Snail, Lymnaea acuminata

Fasciolosis is one of the most serious food-borne parasitic diseases. These parasitic infections are caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica among cattle and human populations. The carrier of fascioliasis is a fresh water host snail, Lymnaea acuminata. The control of vector snails is a major tool in reducing the incidences of fasciolosis. Synthetic molluscicide causes adverse effects in the environment as well as on non target organisms. The present studies were designed for evaluation of molluscicidal efficacy of medicinal plant Solanum surattense against L. acuminata. The efficacy of S. surattense was concentration and time dependent. Toxicity experiment of dried leaf powder of S. surattense and their different organic extracts and column purified was continuously observed for 96h at different concentrations. Mortality was observed for 24, 48, 72 and 96h. Six aquariums were set up for each concentration. The control group animals were kept in the equal volume of water under similar conditions without treatment. Mortality of snails was recorded at intervals of 24h each up to 96h and lethal values were calculated. The 24h LC of dried leaf powder 50 of S. surattense was 157.33mg/l and at 96h 150.26 mg/l. Among all the organic extracts, the ethanol extract of dried leaf powder of S. surattense was found more toxic. The present study revealed that the product of S. surattense has potent molluscicidal phytochemicals, which may be used as potent molluscicides for control of harmful snails.