Bioactivity and Application of Gamal Leaves (Gliricidia Maculata) As a Biofungicide against Phytopathogenic Fungi in Chili Pepper (Capsicum Annum L.)

The aim of this study was to determine the effective concentration of gamal (Gliricidia maculata) leaf extract against several pathogenic fungi (Colletothricum capsici, Fusarium oxysporum and Cercospora capsici) in Chilli paper plantation. There were two main stages of activities in conducting this research namely, in vitro using a Non-Factorial Completely Randomized Design (RAL Non-Factorial) and in-vivo analysis. The treatment was performed by using non-factorial complete design, it was found that the factors that became the treatment level were the provision of gamal leaf extract consisting of 30 – 100% gamal leaf extract treatment. Furthermore, an experiment was carried out in vivo using a non-factorial randomized block design (non-factorial shelf). Based on the result effective dosage for controlling pathogenic fungi (Colletotrichum capsici, Fusarium oxysporum and Cercospora capsici) was 20% gamal leaf extract, the highest inhibition percentage of Colletotrichum capsici was 82.49%, at a concentration of ED5 = 40% gamal leaf extract, the highest inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum was 84.67% and at a concentration of ED5 = leaf extract gamal 40% obtained the highest percentage of inhibition of Cercospora capsici was 87.73%. The concentration of gamal leaf extract 20% and 40% of the inhibition of each fungus is equivalent to the synthetic fungicide Benlox 50 WP