LIMPACT DES THERAPIES TRADITIONNELLES SUR LA PRISE EN CHARGE DES MALADES MENTAUX

In spite of the development of the psychiatry in Morocco, the traditional therapy is another current phenomenon always using to treat mental disorder. The surnatural was dominating in the representation of the mental disorder, and it as well at the level of its origin as of its treatment.The objective of this work is to describe the cultural perception of the first psychiatric symptoms by the families of the mental sick, to determine the first approach of care.It is about a descriptive forward-looking study using a heteroquestionnary including a sample of 184 families of hospitalized or consultant patient to the Ar-razipsychiatric hospital in Sale (Morocco) over a period of three months of the current year.We counted 184 families who have a member consulted or hospitalized at the Arrazi hospital. 38% represent mother of patient. All the socioeconomic and educational levels were represented. Almost all the diseases were founded with a big ascendancy of the psychotic disorders. The appeal to Fkihs in front of first symptoms was almost important the conversifs disorders and anxious seem to be the preference illness of this kind of practice but you should not forget that the psychoses also represent a not insignificant rate with 66%. The cultural interpretations of the mental illness are represented by the charm in 35 % of the cases, the Toukal (deliberate poisoning) in 29% and the ownership by devils in 21 %. The bad eye is reported in 20%. More than 63% of families turned to the traditional therapy in front of the first psychiatric symptoms, while only 36 % returned the patients at a general doctor or a psychiatrist. 62 % of families continue to turn to the traditional therapies in spite of the psychiatric follow-up, in this case they tend to stop the medical treatment in 30 % of the cases. There is a significant link between the first orientation and the interpretation of the disease. Traditherapeutes was more requested at the patients of whom families think that their disease is of surnatural origin (p = 0,001). The appeal to the traditional therapy and the residence in rural areas and not schooling are also strongly correlated. (P = 0,011 and p = 0,001). The Moroccan psychiatry was able to realize a lot of progress during the last two decades, in spite of the insufficiency of the human resources and the infrastructures. Additional efforts are necessary, especially with the high request of care, for it all the community should participate in the promotion of the mental health to reduce the stigmatization of this discipline and offer a better management of patients. The family is at the heart of the care of the mental disorders. Simple interventions with family can largely improve the quality of life of the sick person and that of the whole family.