The Pathophysiology and Neurobehavioral Effects of Chlorfenapyr Insecticide in Lactating Female Sprague Dawley Rats and in HepG2 Cell Line

Chlorfenapyr (CFP) is good candidate insecticide for control of vectors blood borne diseases like malaria. As little information about CFP toxicity and possibility of its residue's presence in food stuffs, milk and environment, we explore the postnatal toxic effects of CFP in female Sprague dawley rats and its pups. CFP was given orally at doses of 0,54 and 108 mg/kg to female albino rats immediately at first day after delivery till 21 days of lactation. All dams and its pups were weighted, euthanized and blood was separated for serum separation and tissues were preserved either at 4c as tissue homogenate for measurements of oxidant/antioxidants levels or in buffered formalin for histopathological examination. The highest dose of CFP induced hepatorenal toxicity in dams and its pups with evidence of increase liver enzymes and creatinine level when compared to control groups. Also, CFP displayed histopathological changes in liver, kidney, brain and spleen tissues of dams as well as rats' pups after 21 days of treatment. The toxic effects resulted from secretion of CFP in milk and increased the free radicals' production and oxidants like MDA in tissues of rats' pups. Also, CFP had a cytotoxic effect on HepG2 cells indicated by induction of oxidative stress and lethality to cell line. Taken collectively, chlorfenapyr is a good candidate insecticide in vector control but had a cytotoxic effect in female albino rats, its pups, and in HepG2 cells.