Analysis of the Dynamics, Composition and Structure of the PFTS Index

The article is devoted to analyzing the state of the stock market in Ukraine, identifying its main weaknesses and changes that have occurred over the past 10 years, as well as identifying the main vectors for its further development. The analysis of the stock market in this research is based on the study of the basic principles of its functioning, assessment of the dynamics and changes in the structure of the PFTS stock index (First Stock Trading System). To achieve the goal of the study, the authors used methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, tabular and graphical methods. The dynamics of the PFTS stock index for 10 years was considered and on this basis the main positive and negative changes in the stock market, as well as periods of growth and crisis were identified. The structure of the PFTS stock index during 2012-2021 was assessed. The list of sectors of the Ukrainian economy that were represented in the index basket was analyzed. The causes of changes and fluctuations in this stock index were identified. It was proved that in addition to the crisis and cyclical fluctuations of the economy, the dynamics of the PFTS stock index was also influenced by its structure by industry and the number of companies represented in the basket. Thus, there is a constant trend to reduce the number of enterprises in the index basket, as well as changes in its structure. The reasons why a number of companies started to leave this stock exchange or the national stock market as a whole were investigated. For a more in-depth analysis, the structure of gross domestic product during 2012-2020 was analyzed and this structure was compared with the structure of the index basket. It was found that most sectors of the economy did not have significant changes in the overall structure of GDP, but the share of these sectors decreased significantly in the PFTS index basket. Based on the results of the analysis, ways and prospects for improving the current situation on the stock market in Ukraine were identified, as well as a number of tasks that should be a priority in building a strong and stable Ukrainian economy.