Citizenship in the Education of Teachers: Identifying Existing Gaps and Need for New Research Direction

Who is a citizen, and what is citizenship? These two questions have troubled the political scientists since the ancient times. Over the last one decade, in international scenario, a number of studies have focused on understanding conceptions of citizenship among pre-service teachers, in-service teachers and teacher-educators (Banks 2004; Kennedy, 2004). Studies conducted in developed countries indicate that the major responsibility for empowering teachers lie with the teacher educators.