Endophytic Fungi and their Metabolites Isolated from Bauhinia Racemosa Lamk Plant

Bauhinia racemosa family, Caesalpiniaceae is one of the precious resources of the earth. It is traditionally used in the indigenous system of medicine Ayurveda, Unani, and Sidha for the treatment of several ailments like headache, fever, skin and blood diseases, jaundice, chronic dysentery, diarrhea, and leucorrhoea, infection of malaria, boil, glandular swelling, tumors, and cancer. It is also used to cure scorpion bite, to relieve food poisoning in cattle and as a contraceptive by women. Endophytic fungi live in leafage of medicinally important plants are diverse and abundant; also little is known of their terrestrial and habitat variation. Age differences in endophyte infections on young, mature, and senescent leaves of a medicinal plant Bauhinia racemosa were studied. Enzyme evaluation, it was observed that the endophytic fungi species Phyllosticta sp., Colletotrichum sp., Aspergillus species were presented four enzymes amylase, pectinase, lipolytic, and cellulose activity. Particularly have indicated only cellulose was produced in Aspergillus niger. The endophytic fungus was tested against standard bacterial and fungal cultures. In vitro antimicrobial test was carried out by the agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration test was performed by the modified agar well diffusion method. Endophytic fungi showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity as it inhibited Gram-positive bacteria in Bacillus, and fungi in Colletotrichum.