PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF COMMITTING SUICIDES BY MILITARY PERSONNEL: SYSTEMATIZATION OF RESEARCH

The article is devoted to the systematization of modern scientific research related to the problem of the psychological aspects of suicide by military personnel of armed formations. The main results of the study of the interpersonal psychological theory of suicide proposed by T.E. Joiner are analyzed. The most common were studies of the suicide capacity of servicemen, taking into account the peculiarities of the influence of military experience, the experience of physical pain and the loss of loved ones; identifying risk groups; studies aimed at counteracting the desire to hide their suicidal thoughts and intentions (the use and requirements for the psychodiagnostics tools) and identifying predictors of suicidal risk. The search for the latter further complicated the plans for empirical research (increasing variables, increasing and differentiating groups of subjects, using longitudinal research, searching for mediators of suicide, using multistage and cross-cultural research, taking into account content and military specifics, etc.). All available methods of mathematical statistics were used to determine reliable markers of suicidal risk in servicemen. Trying not to lose control over the problem of suicide among the military, researchers resort to measures to control the situation of committing suicide in terms of accessibility and attitude to weapons, as well as analyze preventive measures that would be effective for objectively reducing the number of suicide attempts among risk groups (cognitive behavioral approaches in psychotherapy). Despite these efforts, the problem of identifying predictors of suicide risk among military personnel has not yet been finally resolved. Modern suicidology needs, seeks and appreciates new approaches to the study of self-destructive behavior in military personnel.