Rosella Flower 3% (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Extract Inhibited the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 dan Collagen Reduction on Wistar Rat Exposed to Ultraviolet-B

Rosella flower petals contain flavonols and anthocyanin pigments. Flavonols and Anthocyanins are compounds that have double bonds that play a role in preventing cell damage due to exposure to ultraviolet light. This study aims to see the effect of rosella flower extract in cream on preventing the expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and prevent the reduction of collagen amount in male Wistar rats exposed to ultraviolet-B (UV-B). Method. The posttest only control group design was applied in 36 male Wistar rats aged 2 to 3 months. The subject was divided randomly into two groups evenly; the control and study groups. The control group was given a base cream in the exposure areas before and after UV-B exposure and continuously given even without irradiation. The study group was given a rosella extract cream with a similar procedure. A punch biopsy was conducted to assess the MMP-1 expression and the collagen amount after four intervention weeks. Comparative analysis was used to compare the mean of each variable. Results. The results showed the mean expression of MMP-1 in the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group (8, 01????2, 845 vs 30, 17????4, 68 %; p<0, 001). The mean collagen amount in the treatment group was higher than the control group (83, 14????2, 84 % vs 56, 80????3, 65 %; p<0, 001). Conclusion. The study showed the effectiveness of rosella extract cream 3 % inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and collagen reduction on male Wistar rats exposed to UV-B.