The Administration of 1% Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) Extracts Cream Inhibited the Increase of MMP-1 Expression and Reduction of Dermal Collagen on Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Skin Exposed to UV-B Rays

Background: Aging is a process that every living thing must experience in its life cycle. Various factors are contributed to the aging process, it can be grouped into internal and external factors. One of the external factors is the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation that comes from sunlight. Continuous exposure to UV rays can cause photoaging. The effort to prevent photoaging due to exposure to UV radiation is consuming antioxidants which broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) has excellent antioxidant content. This study was conducted to investigate that the administration of 1 % broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) extract cream inhibited the increase of MMP-1 expression and reduction of dermal collagen amount in the skin of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to UV-B rays. Methods: This study was conducted using the post-test only control group design using 36 male Wistar rats as the study sample. The sample was divided into 2 groups, namely the control group and the treatment group. UV-B ray exposure was given three times a week with a total dose of 840 mJ/cm2 over four weeks. The control group was given the basic ingredient cream (placebo cream) and the treatment group was given 1 % broccoli extract cream. The cream is given twice a day that is twenty minutes before and four hours after exposure to UV-B rays. Immunohistochemical staining was used to calculate the expression of MMP-1 and to calculate the amount of collagen using staining with Picro Sirius Red then the results were observed and calculated using the software. Results: The results of the analysis proceed using the Independent T-Test showed that the mean MMP-1 expression in the control group was significantly higher than the treatment group (26, 67 ???? 6, 724 vs 12, 78 ???? 3, 39) (p < 0, 001). Furthermore, the mean amount of dermal collagen in the control group was significantly lower than the treatment group (61, 961????4, 338 vs 83, 4944????2, 716 ) (p < 0, 001).